Rouhani, a pragmatist and moderate, has promised to modify Iran’s approach to the world following eight years under Mahmoud Ahmadinejad, whose confrontational style alarmed Iran’s neighbours and helped bring tough Western sanctions against the oil and gas sector.

Rouhani takes over from Ahmadinejad in early August, having scored an unexpected victory over a limited field of mostly conservative and rightwing candidates thought to be favoured by supreme Leader Ayatollah Khamenei.

With