Massive crowds of Iranians, many chanting support for political and social reforms, turned out in the streets of Tehran on 10 January to bury former president and “pillar of the revolution” Ayatollah Hashemi Rafsanjani.

The unexpected death from a heart attack of the 82-year-old cleric, known as a pragmatist, raised concerns over the fate of the reform movement headed by President Hassan Rouhani, who is now in the midst of opening up the oil sector after years of US-led energy sanctions.

However,