Geosteering is the act of adjusting the wellbore position based on geological parameters identified while drilling is in progress. Mud logs, drill cuttings, survey data from the wellbore, fluid and formation pressures, and a sensor signal pulsated in the form of gamma ray resistivity from behind the bit to the surface all provide well data.
In vertical wellbores, the industry captures lithologic rock properties by attaching petrophysical measurement sensors to electric wirelines, which are run to the bottom and slowly pulled back up to allow the sensors to emit and capture signals.