Cunha was indicted late on Wednesday in the country's Supreme Court for alleged money laundering and illegal currency dealing involving state-oil player Petrobras.
According to Brazil's attorney general, Cunha benefited from the sale of a Petrobras oilfield and concealed the funds in foreign bank accounts.
The judge overseeing the case, Teori Zavascki, said in the decision, "There is concrete evidence that Cunha received [illicit] funds."
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