The oil and gas industry has been hit by a wave of pipeline protests in North America by various groups intent on disruption.
Campaigners in Canada have stepped up their actions against the Energy East and Trans Mountain expansion pipelines.
South of the border, there are a host of projects under siege from other groups worried about environmental impacts.
Opposition may have been stoked by the Paris climate change deal, which highlighted the need for a fast transition to a lower-carbon future and put a question mark over fossil fuels.
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