Kazakhstan's huge Western-led oil exports remain dependent on crucial pipeline route via Russia

Kazakhstan's dependence on transit routes across Russia increased last year, despite calls to build up alternative export routes

Confidence: Executive director of Caspian Pipeline Consortium Nikolay Gorban.
Confidence: Executive director of Caspian Pipeline Consortium Nikolay Gorban.Photo: CASPIAN PIPELINE
Published 16 January 2024, 22:58Updated 17 January 2024, 16:20
KazakhstanCaspian Pipeline ConsortiumRussiaTengizChevron