"We are more certain than ever that the mud volcano is an unnatural disaster triggered by drilling the Banjar-Panji 1 well," said the study's lead author, Professor Richard Davies of the UK's Durham University.

EMP subsidiary Lapindo Brantas was operating the Banjar Panji wildcat when a well control incident occurred on 29 May 2006. Mud has been erupting from nearby ground ever since.

Lapindo,