Profitability challenges in US shale plays continue to weigh on Equinor's balance sheet after a further writedown dragged the Norwegian giant into the red in the third quarter.

The state-controlled company booked $2.8 billion in net impairments in the three months to the end of September, of which $2.24 billion was incurred due largely to lower oil and gas price forecasts for its unconventional assets in North America.